“Strong” verbs with vowel change in the present tense
|
singular |
fahren |
sprechen |
lesen |
|||
|
ich |
fahr |
e |
sprech |
e |
les |
e |
|
du |
fähr |
st |
sprich |
st |
lies |
t |
|
er / sie / es |
fähr |
t |
sprich |
t |
lies |
t |
|
plural |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wir |
fahr |
en |
sprech |
en |
les |
en |
|
ihr |
fahr |
t |
sprech |
et |
les |
t |
|
sie (Sie) |
fahr fahr |
en en |
sprech sprech |
en en |
les les |
en en |
|
|
to drive, to go |
to speak |
to read |
|||
NOTE:
The changes in the stem only occur
in the second and third person singular!
Here is a short list of
strong verbs with vowel changes in the present tense. Since the changes occur only in the singular the plural forms are
not given here.
|
Infinitiv |
ich |
du |
er,sie,es |
|
|
|
esse |
isst |
isst |
to eat |
|
geben |
gebe |
gibst |
gibt |
to give |
|
laufen |
laufe |
läufst |
läuft |
to walk, run |
|
nehmen |
nehme |
nimmst |
nimmt |
to take |
|
sehen |
sehe |
siehst |
sieht |
to see |
|
tragen |
trage |
trägst |
trägt |
to wear, carry |
Conjugation
A verb conjugation is a list
of six possible forms of the verb. If the verb is connected with a subject to
form a sentence, it changes according to the subject. There is one form for
each of the six persons (1st, 2nd,3rd
persons singular and plural). German has three types of verbs: “weak” verbs which retain the form of
the stem throughout conjugation; “strong”
verbs which undergo some changes in conjugation and irregular verbs.
“Weak” verbs:
|
singular |
machen |
arbeiten*1 |
reisen*2 |
|||
|
ich |
mach |
e |
arbeit |
e |
reis |
e |
|
du |
mach |
st |
arbeit |
est |
reis |
t |
|
er / sie / es |
mach |
t |
arbeit |
et |
reis |
t |
|
plural |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wir |
mach |
en |
arbeit |
en |
reis |
en |
|
ihr |
mach |
t |
arbeit |
et |
reis |
t |
|
sie (Sie) |
mach |
en |
arbeit |
en |
reis |
en |
|
|
to make, to do |
to work |
to travel |
|||
* the slight
variations in the conjugational endings make the pronunciation easier. The
changes apply:
- to all verbs with
stem endings in -d or -t
- to all verbs with
stem endings in -s -ss
-ß -z or -tz.
Other verbs that follow the same pattern as
the ones above:
|
finden1 |
to find |
kommen |
to come |
studieren |
to study |
|
beginnen dauern |
to begin to last, |
kosten1 lernen |
to cost to learn |
spielen trinken |
to play to drink |
|
kennen |
to know |
heißen2 |
to be calledl |
wohnen |
to live, to reside |