Physics 3613
Experimental Physics III
PURPOSE OF THIS COURSE:
- Introduce you to new experimental methods in physics
- Familiarize you to more advanced equipment and techniques
- Allow you to develop your abilities for critical thinking and to use
your existing knowledge of math and physics.
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AVAILABLE (1997-98)
- -- Magnetic Braking
- -- Thermometry (problems with interface board)
- -- Sound Speed
- -- CCD Imaging and Analysis
- -- Astronomy Observation (CCD)
- -- Speed of Light
- -- Thin Film Vacuum Evaporation (Vacuum Evaporator valve needs
fixing)
- -- Ellipsometry
- -- Measurement of Optical Density using Optical Spectrometre
- -- Ray Tracing of Optics
- -- AC Impedence Bridge & Dielectrics (Needs upgrading of
experiment)
- -- Superconductivity
- -- Chaotic Behaviour in an Electrical Circuit (No write-up yet - requires
extra effort)
- -- Nuclear Spectroscopy using a Multi-channel analyzer (scintillation
counter not working - no sample)
- -- Electron Microscopy (2nd Term with Dr. Bennet)
Laboratory Scheduling for the Groups
LABORATORY BOOK:
You are to have a laboratory book with bound pages (not a loose leaf
notebook) and use it to take data, record your calculations, list references,
and do your derivations. Your report to your instructor is to be written
as a semi-formal report (See Below).
How to Approach The Laboratory Experiments
The following should be your approach to every experiment:
- Become familiar with the physics involved in the experiment (look up
references, read them, and learn the physics)
- Learn how the equipment works. Several experiments use computers and
program; learn how to use them.
- Take your data and critcally analyze it as you collect it to be sure
you are getting reasonable data (a judgement on your part based on your
understanding of the physics involved).(Do not take all your data with
out any simultaneous analysis and expect that everything will be Ok for
later analysis. When you are analyzing the data for the report at the last
minute, you will not want to have to go back and redo the experiment.)
- Be sure you have all the information that you need and that it is written
in you notebook.
.
THE LABORATORY REPORT:
A report is required for each experiment. This is to be done individually
although the experimental part will be done with your partner(s). The report
is to be logically organized and clearly written so that
any of your fellow students could read it and understand what you've
done, what physics was involved, and what your results were.
As a guide, the report might be made of sections as outlined below.
It is important that the whole report should be a unit with each earlier
section supporting the later sections. Many times it may be easiest to
first write the results and analysis then fill in the other sections around
it.
- Introduction
- This section is as the title states, an introduction for the reader,
so that they know the basic of the experiment and a physics reason for
doing the experiment. You might include historical information if it is
a classical experiment, such as the speed of light. It is here that you
should give just the very fundamental physical basis for the experiment.
- Theory
- This section houses the details of the physical basis of the experiment
and maybe derivation of some of the formalae necessary for the analysis
of the data.
- Experiment
- This is section includes a more detailed description of the experiment
such as:
- equipment required and used
- diagram of connections of electronics
- general procedures (not a repeat of the instructions for the experiment)
- special procedures planned in the experiment, if required extra
- Data
- Put a summary of the data collected here, in graphical and/or tabular
form if appropriate. Use your judgement as to what is necessary for clarity.
Do not put report all your raw data unless necessary.
- Analysis and Results
- This is an important section, because here you will show your understanding
of the analysis and obtain your results. In a concise form, show sample
analysis then report your final results in an easy to read and understand
form (ususally a table and/or graph(s)).It is especially important
to put an accuracy on your final results. You should make this estimate
from your knowledge of the accuracy of your measurements.
- Conclusion and/or Discussion
- This section is a commentary on the success of your hypothesis for
the experiment.
GRADING:
The grade in Physics 3613 will be entirely determined by the grades
on the reports you submit to your instructor. The first term and final
grades will be determined by the average of report grades obtained up to
that time. You are expected to do a minimum of four experiments each term.
The grade on your report will depend on:
- - the correctness of your experimental procedures
- - the completeness of your efforts
- - the quality of your report
- - your understanding of the physics involved in your experiment
- - quality of your results and discussion of their meaning
- - any extra effort to go beyond the minimum required by the laboratory
instructions
Report Requirements
These experiments may take from 2 to 4 weeks of lab periods to finish
the experimental parts. The report for the laboratory is due one week after
you start a new experiment. If the laboratory report is not in at that
time, you may not continue on the new experiment. You must do a minimum
of 4 experiments each term of the course.
As a guidline of the grading, the following number grades would relate
to the corresponding quality:
- 45%
- Experiment was done but poor procedure and analysis (you would probably
be asked to re-analyze and re-write the report)
- 55%
- Experiment was done with OK procedure but poor analysis
- 65%
- Experiment OK with OK procedure and OK analysis but a poorly written
report.
- 75%
- Experiment OK, with good procedure and analysis and OK report
- 85%
- Experiment well done, good procedure and results and a good report
but with only the minimum done.
- 95%
- Experiment well done, good procedure and analysis, a good report showing
excellent understanding of the experiment.
L.Bogan August 1996, 1997